Stupid question, have you installed the drivers from TP Link's website for this card? Very occasionally, a device won't show up in Device Manager until the right drivers are installed (e.g. it may show in "Other devices" or only show a single entry where it should show three or four).
If you've installed the drivers, it may be worth checking you're on the latest drivers for the B550M chipset from AMD's site. If neither of those work, I'd check you're on the latest BIOS/UEFI for your motherboard. Still no luck, I'd try it in the other PCI-E slot if your graphics card isn't covering it (it'll work in any of the three slots on your board, but I'm assuming you've got a GPU in slot 1).
If it's still not showing any signs of life, it could be the product is DOA (dead on arrival). Unusual, with quality controls these days, but it can happen. Don't suppose you or a friend have another PC you could try it in before sending it back?